Thomas E. Wing, as Substituted Trustee under a Certain Trust Agreement Made between George W. McElhiney and Ernest A. Wiltsee and Guardian Trust Company of New York, under Date of March 2, 1908, Respondent, v. Delevan Smith, Appellant

Thomas E. Wing, as Substituted Trustee under a Certain Trust Agreement Made between George W. McElhiney and Ernest A. Wiltsee and Guardian Trust Company of New York, under Date of March 2, 1908, Respondent, v. Delevan Smith, Appellant. First Department, June 2, 1916. Corporation — syndicate agreement for purchase of unissued stock— when member of syndicate liable on stock subscription—effect of failure to pay stock transfer tax—statute construed — agreement that subscription shall be binding irrespective of default of other subscribers. Where certain stockholders of a corporation entered into an agreement whereby they appointed two of their number as “ Syndicate Managers” to purchase the remaining unissued stock of the corporation, the managers to purchase for the subscribers unissued stock in proportion to their respective holdings, and each subscriber agreed to pay his subscription on call of the managers, and the agreement was pledged with the trustee for the benefit of the holder of a promissory note made by the managers to raise money for the purchase of unissued stock, a party to the agreement is liable to the trustee for the amount of his subscription, and it is no defense to an action that when the defendant assigned the stock held by him to the syndicate managers in exchange for certificates pursuant to a clause in the agreement the stock transfer tax imposed by section 370 of the Tax Law had not been paid. Such transfer comes within the exception provided by the statute, which exempts from taxation a deposit of stock certificates as collateral security for a loan. Moreover, where, by the express terms of the syndicate agreement, the liability of each subscriber became fixed when a sufficient number of subscribers had been obtained and each subscriber agreed to be bound irrespective of the failure of any other subscriber to perform his undertakings thereunder, the subscriber became bound when the subscribers were obtained even though a legal delivery of their shares by other subscribers had not been made to the syndicate managers. Appeal "by the defendant, Delevan Smith, from a judgment of the Supreme Court in favor of the plaintiff, entered in the office of the clerk of the county of New York on the 11th day of December, 1915, upon the decision of the court after a trial at the New York Trial Term before the court without a JTiiy- Charles A. Decker, for the appellant. Burt D. Whedon, for the respondent. [MAJORITY — Laughlin, J.:] Laughlin, J.: On the 1st day of September, 1907, the defendant and twenty-eight others who severally owned in the aggregate 2,000 shares of the capital stock in the Refugio Syndicate, a New Jersey corporation, which was all the stock issued at that time, entered, into an agreement by which they constituted two of their number, George W. McElhiney and Ernest A. Wiltsee “ Syndicate Managers ” for the purchase of the remaining unissued stock of the corporation aggregating 8,000 shares, and thereby authorized the managers to purchase for the several subscribers an amount of the unissued stock in proportion to their respective holdings of the stock theretofore issued, and each subscriber agreed to pay his subscription on call of the managers as therein provided. The agreement was subsequently pledged with the Guardian Trust Company, as trustee for whoever should become the holder of a note for $800,000, made by the syndicate managers payable to bearer to raise money for the purchase of said unissued stock, but which was subsequently delivered to said Refugio Syndicate itself for the stock. The trust company resigned as truscee on September 28, 1910, and the plaintiff became trustee in its place, and brought this action to recover the balance unpaid on defendant’s subscription which was for $24,600, upon which he paid $6,150, and the recovery is for the balance, together with interest. The defendant interposed three defenses. The subscription agreement authorized the managers to borrow money on their promissory note to purchase the unissued stock, and to pledge the stock of the subscribers which was to be delivered to the managers, and the stock to be purchased, and the subscription agreement, as security therefor. Instead of taking that course, the managers gave their note for $800,000, the purchase price of the unissued stock, which was accepted by the corporation. The first defense presented the question as to whether the payment for the stock by the note was in contravention of the statute of New Jersey. The second defense was that the corporation had not procured a certificate entitling it to do business in this State, but there was no evidence that it did business here unauthorized without such a certificate. Like defenses to the first two were interposed in a former action brought by plaintiff as trustee against another subscriber, and on evidence to the same effect as that presented herein, they were held to be insufficient and a recovery was had which was affirmed by this court, without opinion. (Wing v. Stringer, 163 App. Div. 890.) In this action a demurrer was interposed to the same defenses and the demurrer was sustained and the decision was affirmed by this court on the decision in the former case. (Wing v. Smith, 165 App. Div. 958.) The appellant has now abandoned the first two defenses, and relies on the other which presents only one point not passed upon by this court. It was provided in the subscription agreement, as follows: “ This agreement shall not become binding or effective unless subscriptions to the amount of $500,000 in cash have been made hereto within ninety days from the date hereof,” and further that each subscriber should subscribe for the unissued stock in the proportion the amount of the stock then held by him bore to the outstanding stock, and that he should “upon the execution” of the subscription agreement “assign, transfer, set over and deliver all of the shares of the capital stock of the Eefugio Syndicate owned and held by him as aforesaid, to the Syndicate Managers,” and should “receive in full payment therefor a certificate from the Syndicate Managers certifying to the interest of such subscriber in the Syndicate, subject to the terms and conditions of this agreement. Such certificate shall be in assignable form and transferable on the books of the Syndicate Managers by assignment and surrender, and upon such assignment and surrender a new certificate shall be issued, and the person accepting such assignment or receiving such new certificate, shall be bound by the terms of this agreement as fully to all intents and purposes as if signing the same, but no such transfer or assignment shall release the original subscriber hereto.” The defendant subscribed for 246 shares of the unissued stock, and he surrendered the stock he held, the amount of which is not stated, but must have been, according to the terms of the agreement, 61% shares. In the third defense, not so numbered, it is alleged that on the 1st of September, 1901, the subscribers, pursuant to the provisions of the subscription agreement herein quoted, “ assigned, transferred, set over and delivered ” their respective holdings aggregating 2,000 shares of the outstanding stock to the managers, and received the certificates provided for in the subscription agreement, and it is alleged, in effect, that it was essential to a valid transfer and delivery of said stock to the managers that the stock transfer tax imposed by chapter 241 of the Laws of 1905 be paid, and that it was not paid. All of the allegations' of this defense were expressly admitted. It is contended by the appellant in support of this defense that it was a condition precedent to the subscription agreement becoming effective that the subscribers owning at least 1,250 shares of the outstanding stock sign it and transfer their holdings to the managers, and that proof of compliance with those provisions of the agreement is necessary to a recovery. While it is alleged by the appellant, and admitted by the plaintiff, that the necessary number of shares to render the agreement binding were delivered to the managers, it is claimed by the appellant that on the further admission that the stock transfer tax was not paid, such delivery was invalid, and proof thereof was expressly prohibited by the statute, which, so far as material to this question, provides as follows: “No transfer of stock made after June first, nineteen hundred and five, on which a tax is imposed by this article, and which tax is not paid at the time of such transfer, shall be made the basis of any action or legal proceedings, nor shall proof thereof be offered or received in evidence in any court in this State.” (Tax Law [Gen. Laws, chap. 24; Laws of 1896, chap. 908], § 323, as added by Laws of 1905, chap. 241; Tax Law [Consol. Laws, chap. 60; Laws of 1909, chap. 62], § 218.) Although delivery has been thus admitted, appellant contends that proof of a legal delivery and transfer involving payment of the tax is a condition precedent to his liability. The respondent contends that by the express terms of the subscription agreement it became binding and each subscriber became liable upon its being signed by the necessary proportion of stockholders, as concededly it was, and that liability does not depend upon whether the subscriber performed his further obligation to deliver or transfer his stock to the managers, or whether such delivery or transfer was legally made. The statute, so far as material, provides as follows: “There is hereby imposed and there shall immediately accrue and be collected a tax, as herein provided, on all sales, or agreements to sell, or memoranda of sales, or deliveries, or transfers, of shares or certificates of stock, in any domestic or foreign association, company or corporation, made after the first day of June, nineteen hundred and five, whether made upon or shown by the books of the association, company or corporation, or by any assignment in blank, or by any delivery, or by any paper or agreement or memorandum or other evidence of transfer or sale whether entitling the holder in any manner to the benefit of such stock, or to secure the future payment of money or the future transfer of any stock, on each share of one hundred dollars of face value or fraction thereof, two cents. It is not intended by this act to impose a tax upon an agreement evidencing the deposit of stock certificates as collateral security for money loaned thereon which stock certificates are not actually sold, nor upon such stock certificates so deposited.” (Tax Law [Gen. Laws, chap. 24; Laws of 1896, chap. 908], § 315, added by Laws of 1905, chap. 241, as amd. by Laws of 1906, chap. 414; Tax Law [Consol. Laws, chap. 60; Laws of 1909, chap. 62], § 270; since amd. by Laws of 1910, chap. 38; Laws of 1911, chap. 352; Laws of 1912, chap. 292, and Laws of 1913, chap. 779.) Manifestly the transfer to the managers was a mere delivery, not intended to pass the beneficial ownership, but solely to enable the managers to pledge the stock as security for the note, and it was contemplated that each subscriber, on the payment of his subscription, should receive back his stock, or a like amount of stock, together with his proportion of the unissued stock to be purchased. It would seem, therefore, that the transaction contemplated came within the exception of the statute; but however that may be, by the express terms of the agreement, the liability of each subscriber became fixed when the subscription agreement was signed by the necessary number. It is not claimed that the defendant’s liability could be defeated by his own failure to make a legal delivery; but it is contended that he may defend on the ground that a sufficient number of other subscribers did not make a legal delivery or transfer. In view, however, of the clear and express language of the subscription agreement imposing the liability, I think that if it were the fact that a legal delivery to the managers has not been made by the other subscribers, that would be no defense, for it is further provided in the subscription agreement as follows: “ Each subscriber hereby agrees to perform all his undertakings hereunder from time to time on call of the Syndicate Managers to the full extent of the amount set opposite his name, and the failure of any subscriber to perform any of his undertakings hereunder shall not affect or release any other subscriber.” The recovery was, therefore, right and the judgment should be affirmed, with costs. Clarke, P. J., Scott, Smith and Davis, JJ., concurred. Judgment affirmed, with costs.