Franz Zapfe, Respondent, v. John Mullins & Sons, Appellant

Franz Zapfe, Respondent, v. John Mullins & Sons, Appellant. Negligence—pedestrian injured hy team, driven along the left side óf a highway — common-law- custom of driving on right-.— duty of driver to pedestrian.. [MAJORITY] Order affirmed, with costs. No opinion. . Hirschberg, P. J., Woodward, Rich'and Miller, JJ., concurred. Gaynor, J., read for reversal. Appeal from an order denying a motion-of the defendant for a new trial on the minutes. "-The plaintiff having, died since the judgment, was recovered, his executor was substituted. [DISSENT — Gaynor, J. (dissenting):] Gaynor, J. (dissenting): I do not see how we can avoid reversing this order. As the deceased was crossing the street afoot he was struck hy the end of the pole of the defendants wagon, drawn hy a team of horses, and hurt. The team was coming along th.e left side of the street, and .toward'the plaintiff’s left. -He testified 'that he did not look that way in crossing, for the reason that wagons on that side had to come from the other direction. This erroneous notion runs through the casé. 'The learned trial judge charged as follows: “ As between a pedestrian in the act of crossing a street and'the driver of a team of horses there is no law that absolutely requires the teamster witji his horses to proceed upon the right-hand side of the street. Whether he shall do so or hot, and whether negligence on his part may be predicated upon the' fact that he failed to do so depends upon the circumstances of each case as it arises, and it depends upon the circumstances of this case- as you find them to be. So that one of the facts that- seems to me important for you to consider and determine is, was the* street torn up.at that place? Was there an excavation being made, and if so, was that a sufficient explanation for the driver being in the position in which he was when this collision occurred? If there was no excavation being made there, then it is for you to say whether the evidence affords any reason why this driver should have been in the position in which he claims he was instead of on the other side of the street. If, on the other hand, the*street was being excavated, then it is for you to say whether that was a sufficient reason for him to be where he says he was, or where the plaintiff says he was, when this collision occurred.” The substance of this is, if there was a good reason for the driver being on the left side it was not negligence for him to be there, but if there was not, then the jury could find that he was negligently there. If he had to come there to avoid an excavation on the other side, he was excusable for being there; but if this, was not so, the fact of his being there was not excused. This was prejudicial error. Negligence could not be predicated on the mere fact 6f driving along the left side of the road, in the absence of any ordinance or statute forbidding it. The custom or common law of the road in respect of passing to the right relates only to vehicles. It has nothing to do with the duty of drivers to pedestrians. ( Wright v. Fleischman, 41 Misc. Rep. 533.) The order should be reversed.