Coit against Tracy

Coit against Tracy: IN ERROR. Where A. and B., share-holders in an association for the prosecution of a sealing voyage, were agents and trustees of that association; and losses on moneys, which came into their hands, as such agents and trustees, were sustained, through their joint neglect, and on the adjustment of their accounts with their associates, were charged to them jointly; on a bill in chancery, brought by A. against B,, for an adjustment of the accounts between them» it was held, that such losses ought to be borne by them equally, and not in proportion to the number of shares by them respectively owned. Where such agents and trustees were entitled to retain, and did retain, out of the funds in their hands, 1000 dollars for their commissions; which sum was so to be divided between them, as that A. should receive j4O0 dollars and //. 600 dollars; and the committee, in the adjustment of their account, charge<* difference between these sums, not upon the joint fund, but upon the individual fund of A., in consequence of which A. was decreed to pay the whole of such difference to B. ; it was held, that this -was erroneous; especially, as where B. had received from the joint fund more than A., B. was subjected to the payment of only half the difference to A. Where, in the adjustment of such account, B. was allowed interest on liis commissions and disbursements, during a period when he had in his hands moneys of the association more than sufficient to cover all his demands, upon which he was not charged with interest; it was held, that this was erroneous. This was a bill in chancery, brought by Benjamin Coit, against Elisha Tracy, stating, that they, with divers other persons heretofore associated for the purpose of prosecuting a sealing voyage to the Pacific Oceanthat of this association the plaintiff and defendant were the agents and trustees ; that divers large sums of money had been, by them, as such agents and trustees, laid out and expended, and divers other large sums had been by them received ; and that, though the accounts of such trust and agency had been settled with their associates, yet the accounts between themselves had never been settled, but that a large balance was justly due thereon from the defendant to the plaintiff; that a large sum of money justly applicable to the payment of such balance, was deposited to their joint credit in the Norwich Bank, and by the terms of the deposite could be withdrawn, by their joint checks only, which the defendant refused to execute ; — praying for an account and for relief adapted to the case. On this bill the superior court, in October, 1826, appointed Timothy Pitkin, Epaphroditus Champion and Jonathan Barnes jun. Esqrs. a committee to ascertain the facts, and to adjust and settle the account between the parties. This committee made their report, at the October term, 1827, when a final decree, predicated on the facts found by the committee, was made in the cause. By this decree it was found, that the plaintiff was entitled to receive the sum of 2180 dollars, 92 cents, deposited in the Norwich Bank to the joint credit of the plaintiff and defendant, and also to recover of the defendant the further sum of 557 dollars, 72 cents. The present writ of error was then brought, by the original plaintiff, complaining, that upon the facts as reported by the committee and found by the court, the court ought to have decreed a further and greater sum to be paid to him by the defendant, over and be* yond the sums so decreed to him. The facts in the case, as reported by the committee ánd found by the court, bearing materially upon the points now in controversy, are the following. In the year 1799, the plaintiff and defendant, with sundry other persons, associated for the purpose of prosecuting a sealing voyage. The stock of the association was divided into forty-two shares, of one thou* sand dollars each ; of which the plaintiff owned six, and the defendant five and an half. The plaintiff and defendant were appointed the agents and trustees of the association; and as such agents and trustees, they received the money paid in, under the articles of association, amounting in the whole to 41,916 dollars, 12 cents. The sums received by them Were invested in the schooner Moneto and the ship Miantonomo, and in the outfits of the voyage. In the year 1802, a settlement was made between the association and the agents; and Oil such settlement, a balance of 83 dollars, 48 cents, was found due from them to the association. The committee further found, that all accounts between the plaintiff and defendant were so far settled up to the period last mentioned, as that neither of them was entitled to any balance as against the other. In the course of the year 1802, the vessels of the association, with all the skins which had been taken, except a quantity which had been previously taken out and shipped to Canton, were unlawfully seized, by the subjects of the king of Spain, and the voyage was thereby broken up. In the year 1804, the defendant received, on accqunt of the skins shipped to Canton, after deducting all charges therefrom, the sum of 2000 dollars, which was by him deposited in the Branch Bank of the United, States at Boston; and afterwards, in the same year, he received the further sum of 388 dollars, 44 cents, which was equally divided between the plaintiff and defendant. Of the 2000 dollars deposited in the bank at Boston, 1000 dollars was drawn out, on the joint check of the plaintiff and defendant, in favour of E. <f- W. Coit, and applied in part payment of a debt due them from the plaintiff and defendant, in their capacity as agents and trustees ; 100 dollars was received by the defendant; and the further sum of 100 dollars, by the plaintiff and defendant jointly ; and the remaining sum of 800 dollars was loaned to Augustus Perkins Co., on their promissory note, a considerable part of which was eventually , lost, by the insolvency of the makers. In conclusion, the committee found, that of the moneys received on account of the skins shipped to Canton, the sums received by the defendant and the interest thereon up to the 1st of October, 1827, amounted to 1233 dollars ; and that the sums received by the plaintiff and interest thereon, up to the same period, amounted to 727 dollars, 99 cents ; the difference being 505 dollars, 1 cent; the one half of which the defendant ought to pay to the plaintiff. The committee further found, that the loss on the loan to Augustus Perkins Co. and the interest thereon, amounted to 700 dollars, 63 cents ; and that this loss ought to be sustained jointly, by the plaintiff and defendant. In 1821, the plaintiff and defendant were appointed, by the members of the association, agents to present its claims to the commissioners under the Spanish treaty; and a written agreement was executed, by which they were to receive 2| per cent, on the moneys which they should obtain, for their services. In pursuance of their appointment, they prosecuted these claims before the commissioners, and eventually received from the treasury of the United States the sum of 42,376 dollars, 17 cents ; which sum was, on the 6th day of July, 1824, deposited in the Norwich Bank, to the joint credit of the plaintiff and defendant, and subject to be drawn out on their joiftt check only. For the purpose of ascertaining the several sums payable from this fund and other funds in the hands of the agents, to the several claimants thereto, and the sums which the association had a right to retain thereout, an amicable bill was preferred, in the name of Daniel L. Coit and others, against the present plaintiff and defendant and others, before the superior court holden by adjournment at New-London, in April, 1825 ; and such proceedings were had thereon, that a final decree was passed at the October term of the court in 1825; by which decree it was found, that the funds in the hands of the plaintiff and defendant amounted, in the whole, to 45,905 dollars, 49 cents ; and the court ordered and decreed, that there should be deducted from this sum the commissions of the agents, amounting to 1054 dollars, 70 cents, and various other sums, amounting, in the whole, to 3343 dollars, 23 cents, leaving the sum of 42,562 dollars, 20 cents, to be divided among those entitled to the shares in the association, giving to each share 1013 dollars, 39 cents. The court then proceeded to ascertain the sums due from the fund, to each of the share-holders respectively. To the plaintiff there was found due from the fund, on his six shares, §6080 34 On the shares subscribed by J. Brown, - - 950 05 On the shares subscribed by J. Howland, - 3328 52 On sundry other accounts, .... 485 37 Amounting in the whole to the sum of - 10,744 27 There was also found due to the defendant, on his five and an half shares, ...... §5,573 64 And in various other accounts,’ - - - 1,537 70 Amounting in the whole to the sum of - 7,111 34 The court further ordered and decreed, that the plaintiff and defendant were entitled to retain out of the general funds, for services rendered, disbursements made, &c. various sums of money, amounting in the whole to the sum of 2916 dollars, 80 cents. And the committee found, that out of this sum so jointly to be retained by the plaintiff and defendant, there had been paid from the funds in their hands various sums of money, amounting to the sum of 1161 dollars, 38 cents ; and that on the subscriptions of Thomas King and Elisha Hyde there had been a loss of 680 dollars, 89 cents, which loss ought to be borne equally by the plaintiff and defendant. The committee further found, that of the sum of 1054 dollars, 70 cents, allowed to the plaintiff and defendant for their commissions, the defendant was justly entitled to receive for his services and expenses the sum of 605 dollars, 4 cents, and the plaintiff the sum of 449 dollars, 66 cents, making a difference of 155 dollars, 38 cents ; for which, together with the interest, amounting to 185 dollars, 48 cents, the plaintiff is accountable to the defendant. The committee further found, fchat the funds deposited in the Norwich Bank, which remained after paying off the other share-holders, amounted to the sum of 15,380 dollars, 32 cents ; from which the plaintiff and defendant had drawn, at various times, on their joint checks, the sum of 6,600 dollars each, leaving a balance of 2180 dollars, 32 cents, remaining in the bank ; which sum was decreed to be paid over to the plaintiff as aforesaid. For the purpose of ascertaining the stuns to which the plaintiff and defendant were severally entitled out of the fund 15,380 dollars, 92 cents, the committee stated the following proportions, viz. as 17,855 dollars, 61 cents, the aggregate amount of the claims of the plaintiff and defendant, is to 15,380 dollars, 92 cents, the amount of the fund, so is 10,744 dollars, 27 cents, the plaintiff’s demand, to the amount which he is entitled to receive ; and so is 7,111 dollars, 34 cents, the defendant’s demand, to the amount which he is entitled to receive. In accordance with this statement, the committee found, that the plaintiff was entitled to receive 9255 dollars, 16 cents, and the defendant 6127 dollars, 77 cents, out of this fund. But as the defendant had already received the sum of 6,600 dollars, the committee found a balance of 474 dollars, 23 cents, due from him to the plaintiff. They then-ascertained the bal; ncc due the plaintiff as follows : Money in bank to be paid him, - - - $2180 92 Money which Tracy is to pay Coit for receipts beyond his proportion, - 474 23 | Retainer on account of John Clark, - - 79 Cash paid Gilbert Swaim and interest, - - 17 85 Money received by Tracy beyond his proportion of funds in Boston,. 252 70 2926 49 Deduct balance of commissions from Coit and interest, 185 48 | Retainer on account of John Clark, 2 37 Money in bank, - - - 2180 92 2368 77 Leaving a balance due from Tracy to Coit of 557 72 Of the adjustment of the account, on these principles, and of the decree of the court accepting the report of the committee, the plaintiff in error complains, and assigns the following causes of error: 1. That the superior court, in ascertaining the sums for which he, the said Coit, was entitled to a decree, did not divide equally between the said Tracy and Coit the amount of losses and charges to which they had been subjected, and which they had been made to bear, upon the adjustment of their account on the bill brought by Daniel L. Coit and others against them, the said Coit and Tracy, and as stated in said report, and for which they were equally liable ; whereas the said Coit, by the decree of said court, was made to bear more than his share and proportion of said losses. 2. That it having been found, by the committee, that said Tracij had received of the avails of the skins shipped to Canton a greater sum than had been received therefrom by said Coit, said Tracy was charged with only half the difference between the sums by them respectively received ; but it having been found, that said Tracy was entitled to a larger sum than said Coit of the commissions allowed them for prosecuting the claim under the Spanish treaty, said Coit was charged with and made to pay the whole difference between the sums, which they were respectively entitled to receive. 13. That in the adjustment of said accounts, though said Coit allowed to said Tracy interest on his said charges and accounts ; yet said court did not allow to said Coit interest upon his charges and upon the several sums which he was entitled to have of said Tracy, and to which interest he was by law entitled. Goddard and H. Strong, for the plaintiff in error. Pitkin and Law, for the defendant. [MAJORITY — Bissell, J.] Bissell, J. With regard to the first ground of error assigned, it appears from the facts found by the committee, that considerable losses had been sustained on the moneys which came into the hands of Tracy and Coit, as the agents of the association. It also appears, that on the adjustment of their accounts with their associates, they had been charged with these losses. No part of them was sustained by the share-holders, as such j but the whole amount was thrown upon Tracy and Coit, in the character of agents and trustees. It has been found by the committee, that these losses áre justly attributed to the joint neglect of them both; and that neither of them has any claim on the other, by reason of such losses. Nothing, then, is more obvious, than that the loss ought to have been borne by them equally. That the loss is not so borne, upon the principles adopted by the committee, is equally obvious. Coit is made to bear this loss in the proportion that 10,744 27 is to 7111 34. From the statement of the account by the committee, sanctioned by the court, the loss is made to fall upon the shares, anc^ not uPon ^ie agents the association. Not only the oriU shares of Coit, but those purchased by him from Brown and Howland, are made to sustain their proportion of the lossf This is not only manifestly unjust, but entirely opposed to the adjustment sanctioned by the court, upon the bill of Daniel L. Coit and others, and inconsistent with the facts found and thef principles adopted by the committee in other parts of their report. I am, therefore, of opinion, that this ground of error: has been fully sustained ; and so far the judgment and decree ⅛ of the superior court must be reversed. As to the second exception taken, I am also of opinion, that in this respect the judgment of the superior court is erroneous. Tracy and Coit were jointly entitled to the sum of 1054 dollars, 70 cents, for their commissions, in prosecuting the claims of the company under the Spanish treaty. This sum they were entitled to retain, and did retain, out of the general funds: in their hands. The committee undertook to apportion this sum between them in proportion to their services and disbursements ; and they found, that of this sum Tracy was entitled to 605 dollars, 4 cents, and Coit 449 dollars, 66 cents ; making a difference of 155 dollars, 38 cents. This, together with the interest, amounting to 185 dollars, 48 cents, is charged, not upon the joint fund, but upon the individual fund of Coit; and he is decreed to pay Tracy the entire sum. This is manifestly erroneous, and wholly inconsistent with the principles adopted by the committee in other parts of their report. Tracy is found to have received out of the moneys deposited at the bank in Boston, in principal and interest, 505 dollars, 4 cents, over and above the amount received by Coit; and the committee find, that Tracy ought to pay to Coit the one half of this sum. This allowance is made on strict mercantile principles ; and the same principles ought to have been applied, and to have governed, in settling the commissions, Tracy is allowed interest on his commissions and disbursements from July 6th, 1824, to October 1st, 1827 ; and although it appears, that at this date, moneys more than sufficient to cover all his demands, came into his hands and were by him retained, yet he is not charged with interest upon these sums. This is the third cause assigned for error. j. The committee, throughout their whole report, seem to have J adopted one uniform rule with regard to the computation of interest; which rule is departed from only in this single instance. In every other, they have allowed interest, not only on moneys received, and disbursements made, but also on sums due for services rendered, from the time the indebtedness accrued up to the 1st of October, 1827. No reason is assigned why the rule was departed from, in the instance under consideration ; and it is difficult to see, that any could exist. It would, indeed, seem rather extraordinary, that the charge of interest on moneys due for services rendered, might be made, long after such services had been paid for. This, I think, is erroneous. By the account, which has been exhibited, by the plaintiff in error, and which I believe to be stated on correct principles, it appears, that the further sum of 555 dollars, 14 cents, was justly due from Tracy to Coit, on the 1st of October, 1827. The cause must, therefore, be remanded to the superior court, with directions so to modify their decree, as that the plaintiff shall recover of the defendant in error said further sum of 555 dollars, 14 cents, and interest thereon from the 1st of October, 1827, to the time of final judgment in the causé. The other Judges were of the same opinion. Judgment reversed; and Cause remanded.