The People of the State of New York ex rel. Dennis J. Carll, Appellant, v. Bernard J. York, President, and Others, Composing the Board of Police Commissioners of the City of Yew York, Respondents

The People of the State of New York ex rel. Dennis J. Carll, Appellant, v. Bernard J. York, President, and Others, Composing the Board of Police Commissioners of the City of Yew York, Respondents. Captain of police in the village of Whitestone—power of the hoard of trustees to abolish the office — a captain, constituting the entire force, is not a police force — a village marshal is not entitled to transfer under the Greater New York charter — rights of an honorably discharged fireman■—effect of a judgment denying his right to recover a salary and his subsequent laches. The board of trustees of the village of Whitestone was empowered by section 1 of title 3 of the village charter (Laws of 1869, chap. 199): “ 1. To declare and define the duties of all officers of the corporation whose duties are not specially prescribed by this act, and to fix their respective compensation. All officers elected or appointed by the board of trustees shall respectively hold office during their pleasure or the pleasure of a majority of them.” “ 9. To appoint a marshal or marshals, not exceeding four, for the village, who shall respectively have and exercise all the powers of constables in the village. “ 10. To organize and maintain a competent police.” In February, 1892, the board of trustees appointed a captain of police ‘ ‘ to act without pay, until a resolution of this board is passed requiring active duty of him,” and at the same meeting appointed him one of the four marshals designated at that time. On April fourth of that year a further resolution was passed giving him a salary of forty dollars a month from May 1, 1892. He acted as captain of police (so called), constituting the entire police force, until January 3, 1896, when the board declared the office vacant, and its incumbent refusing to accept such resolution as a dismissal from office, the board on March 2, 1896, passed a resolution reaffirming the January resolution, and specifically discharging and removing him from the office of policeman and captain of police and declaring that no such office existed. In April, 1897, the captain of police, claiming that his discharge was illegal, brought an action against the village to recover salary claimed to be due to him, in which action judgment was entered in favor of the village in June, 1898. In May, 1899, he commenced, as relator, a proceeding against the board of police commissioners of the city of Hew York to compel them, under the provisions of the Greater Hew York charter (Laws of 1897, chap. 378), incorporating the village of Whitestone in the city of Hew York, to recognize him as a police captain. Held, that the office of captain of police, being a creation of the board of trustees of the village, could exist only during its pleasure; that it was also by the express terms of the charter terminable by that board; That the village could not be said to have organized a. competent police force either under the village charter or within the meaning of the charter of the city of Hew York; That as a marshal the relator could rank only as a village constable, and was as such not entitled to transfer even as a patrolman; That the fact that he was an honorably discharged fireman did not prevent the abolition in good faith of the position held by him; That the judgment in the action for his salary and his laches thereafter were sufficient to defeat his application; That the order denying his application was proper and should be sustained. Appeal by the relator, Dennis J. Carll, from an order of the Supreme Court, made at the Queens County Special Term and entered in the office of the cleric of the county of Queens on the 5th day of February, 1900, denying his application for an order directing the defendants to reinstate the relator as a captain on the police force of the city of Hew York. Joseph Fitch, for the appellant. William J. Oarr, for the respondents. [MAJORITY — Hirsohbebg, J.:] Hirsohbebg, J.: The relator claims that at the time of the creation of the city of Hew York as now. constituted, by the consolidation of several municipalities, he was captain of the police of the village of White-stone in Queens county, and that by virtue of the provisions of the charter he was entitled to be retained in the position. By the consolidation the village of Wliitestone became incorporated into the city of Hew York, but the respondents, the board of police commissioners of that city, refuse to recognize the relator as a police captain. This proceeding was instituted to compel such recognition and to enforce the relator’s claim, but having failed at Special Term, the relator appeals to this court. The village of Wliitestone was incorporated by chapter 199 of the Laws of 1869. The provisions of its charter which appear to be pertinent are the following extracts from title III, viz.: “ Section 1. The board of trustees shall * "x" * also have power within the limits of said village : “ 1. To declare and define the duties of al-1 officers of the corporation whose duties are not specially prescribed by this act, and to fix their respective compensation. All officers elected or appointed by the board of trustees shall respectively hold office during their pleasure or the pleasure of a majority of them.” “ 9. To appoint á marshal or marshals, not exceeding four, for the village, who shall respectively have and exercise all the powers of constables in the village, and shall execute all lawful orders of the president and of the board. Such marshal or marshals to be entitled to the same fees as constables for like services. “ 10. To prevent vice and immorality; to prevent and suppress disorderly assemblages; to preserve peace and good order; to organize and maintain a competent police, but not contrary to or interfering with any law establishing or relating to the Metropolitan police district; to appoint watchmen from time to time; organize such temporary bodies of police as the interests of the village may require,” etc. On the 12tli day of February, 1892, the board of trustees, by resolution, appointed the relator captain of police “to act without pay until a resolution of this board is passed requiring active duty of him.” At the same meeting four village marshals were also appointed, of whom the relator was one. On April 4, 1892, a resolution was passed to the effect “ that the Captain of Police be and he hereby is directed to go on duty on May 1st, at a salary of. $40.00 per month, and that he be specially directed to enforce the ordinance in reference to license.” The relator appears to have acted as so-called captain of police until the 8d day of January, 1896, at which date the board by resolution declared the office vacant; but it appearing that the relator refused to accept this resolution as a discharge or to relinquish the office, the board, on March 2, 1896, passed an additional resolution, reaffirming the resolution of Jan nary third, and specifically discharging and removing the relator from the office of policeman and captain of police, and declaring that no such office existed. In April, 1897, the relator, claiming such discharge to be illegal, and that he was, therefore, still in office and entitled to be paid his salary, brought an action in the Supreme Court against the village of Whitestone to recover such salary, which action resulted in a verdict and judgment in favor of - the village, entered June 28, 1898. The present proceedings were instituted in May, 1899. It is evident from this statement that the relator is not entitled to the relief he seeks. Mo such office exists as captain of the police of the village, excepting as the creation of the board of trustees, and as their creation it could exist only at their pleasure. So, too, the tenure of all officers appointed by the board was terminable at their pleasure by the express language of the village charter. The relator was not only captain of the police under the term of his original ..appointment, but also constituted the entire force, so that the village authorities cannot be said to have organized a competent police as authorized by the village charter, nor was there such a police force in existence as was contemplated by the terms of the charter of the city of New York. (People ex rel. Fogarty v. York, 43 App. Div. 433.) As a marshal the relator would rank only as a village constable, and, therefore, was not entitled to transfer even as a patrolman. (People ex rel. Hemmert v. York, 41 App. Div. 305.) It further appears that the relator was- an honorably discharged fireman ; but even assuming that the protection afforded to firemen by the provisions of chapter 119 of the Laws of 1888, as amended by chapter 577 of the Laws of 1892, applies to positions in the villages of the State, this court held, in Matter of Kelly (42 App. Div. 283), that the acts cited do not prohibit the abolition in good faith of the position held by the veteran firemen. In addition to these reasons justifying tiie order appealed from the adjudication on the merits against the relator in the action brought to recover his salary, and the laches exhibited by him thereafter, nearly a year intervening between the judgment and this application, would, of themselves, suffice to defeat his claim. The order should be affirmed, with costs. All concurred. Order affirmed, with ten dollars costs and disbursements.