Under what circumstances is civil disobedience morally justifiable?

Under what circumstances is civil disobedience morally justifiable?

Stance: For — civil disobedience can be morally justifiable, but only under strict conditions.

Definitions

• Civil disobedience: deliberate, public, conscientious breach of law to protest injustice, distinguished from ordinary crime by its moral appeal and willingness to bear sanction (Rawls).
• Morally justifiable: not merely excusable, but defensible under higher ethical principles — natural law, rights, democratic legitimacy.
• Circumstances: moments when obeying the law would perpetuate systemic injustice or where lawful mechanisms are inadequate.