X Internet UnLtd Company v Comisiun na Mean, X Internet UnLtd Company v Comisiun na Mean (Approved)

      In these two sets of judicial review proceedings, the applicant challenges five decisions of the respondent ("An Coimisi�n") relating to complaints made to An Coimisi�n by users of the applicant's social media platform X (formerly Twitter).

      In proceedings 2025/1731JR ("the 1731JR proceedings") the applicant challenges a decision taken by An Coimisi�n on 21 October 2025 also under section 201(4) of the 2009 Act.

      The five decisions relate to complaints made to An Coimisi�n by users of the X service. The complaints variously engaged issues under articles 16, 17 and 20 of the DSA which deal inter alia with obligations imposed on providers of hosting services (including online platforms) in relation to illegal content notification systems, provision of statements of reasons and the provision of an effective complaints handling system respectively.

      In the case of all five decisions, An Coimisi�n decided to pass the complaint information the subject of the decision to its "Supervisory Team" pursuant to Section 201(4)(d) of the 2009 Act ("s.201(4)(d)") so that the supervisory team could further consider the complaint as part of its overall functions including monitoring compliance with regulatory obligations and taking formal compliance action when warranted.

      The applicant's challenge to each of the decisions is centred on a contention that An Coimisi�n's decisions to refer the individual complaint information to i ts supervisory team pursuant to s.214(4)(d) is ultra vires and unlawful.