What is the ratio in Marleasing?

National courts must interpret national law, wherever possible, in conformity with EU directives, even in horizontal disputes between private parties where direct effect is unavailable.

What did the court decide in Marleasing?

The ECJ established the doctrine of indirect effect, requiring consistent interpretation of national law with EU directives regardless of whether direct effect is possible.

Why is Marleasing important for EU law?

It extended EU law influence into private relationships through interpretative duties, ensuring directive effectiveness even where direct horizontal effect was impossible.

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