What is the ratio in Simmenthal?

National courts must immediately disapply any national legislation that conflicts with directly effective EU law, without waiting for formal legislative repeal or higher court declarations.

What did the court decide in Simmenthal?

The ECJ established that every national judge has the duty to immediately set aside national law conflicting with EU law to ensure EU law's full effectiveness.

Why is Simmenthal important for EU law?

It created the practical mechanism for EU law supremacy, empowering all national courts to immediately enforce EU law over conflicting national legislation.

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