Moss orally declared himself trustee of 50 of his 950 shares in a private company for Hunter's benefit. The Court of Appeal held that a trust of intangible property (shares) does not fail for uncertainty of subject matter even when the specific shares are not segregated from the larger holding, distinguishing tangible chattels.

House of Lords refines Bolam test requiring logical basis for medical opinions

Court establishes landmark test for challenging unreasonable government decisions

Palpably wrong medical treatment can break the chain of causation.

Contractual interpretation focuses on what reasonable person would understand, not linguistic technicalities

Local authorities must act reasonably, owing fiduciary duty to ratepayers.

Unreasonable victim reaction can break causation if unforeseeable and unreasonable.

Foresight of consequences is evidence of intention, not intention itself.

Supreme Court recasts SAAMCO and widens focus on scope of duty

House of Lords establishes three-stage test for duty of care in negligence

Court establishes objective test for contractual agreement over subjective intentions

House of Lords establishes 'virtual certainty' test for oblique intention in murder

Judges cannot decide cases where they have any financial interest whatsoever.

Commercial agreements presumed to create legal relations despite 'ex gratia' descriptions.

Defendant liable for victim's unforeseeable reaction to assault

Court establishes landmark test for recoverable damages in contract breach

House of Lords establishes golden thread: prosecution must prove guilt beyond reasonable doubt

Defendants liable if type of harm foreseeable, even if manner unforeseeable

Apparent bias test: would fair-minded observer conclude real possibility of bias?

Minority members can sue when majority acts beyond constitutional powers ultra vires.

House of Lords clarifies when appeals courts can overturn family judges' discretionary decisions

Life prisoners entitled to reasons for tariff decisions under natural justice principles.