When Parliament provides a statutory scheme for government action, ministers cannot bypass it by relying on broader prerogative powers.

The Court of Appeal held that later Acts of Parliament impliedly repeal earlier conflicting provisions, establishing the doctrine of implied repeal in parliamentary sovereignty.

The Case of Proclamations established that the King cannot create new law or change existing law through royal proclamation alone. This landmark case confirmed that royal prerogative powers are limited and cannot override statute or common law without parliamentary consent.

Market traders challenged convictions for using imperial measures, arguing the Weights and Measures Act 1985 was impliedly repealed by EC law. The Divisional Court held that the European Communities Act 1972 was a constitutional statute that could not be impliedly repealed, establishing the doctrine of constitutional statutes in UK law.

This early case established that the Crown cannot create new crimes or alter the law by proclamation alone, requiring parliamentary consent for changes to the common law.

The House of Lords established that courts cannot inquire into Parliament's internal procedures when passing Acts, reinforcing the enrolled bill rule and parliamentary sovereignty.

This case established the famous 'Wednesbury unreasonableness' test for judicial review of administrative decisions. It set the standard that courts can only overturn administrative decisions if they are so unreasonable that no reasonable authority could have reached them.

This landmark case established that bodies exercising public functions can be subject to judicial review even if they lack statutory authority or government appointment. The Court of Appeal held that the Panel on Takeovers and Mergers, despite being a self-regulating private body, could be judicially reviewed because it exercised public law functions.

Government agents broke into John Entick's house and seized his papers under a warrant issued by the Secretary of State. The court ruled this was unlawful, establishing that government power must have legal authority and that every invasion of private property must be justified by law.

This case established when prisoners have a right to an oral hearing before the Parole Board under common law fairness principles and Article 5(4) ECHR. The Supreme Court clarified that procedural fairness requires consideration of individual circumstances, not blanket policies denying hearings.

House of Lords held that local authorities must act reasonably and cannot ignore their fiduciary duty to ratepayers when setting wages, establishing early principles of Wednesbury unreasonableness.

House of Lords held that GLC's 'Fares Fair' policy of subsidising public transport through supplementary rates was ultra vires as it breached fiduciary duty to ratepayers.

Ratification of Maastricht Treaty a non-justiciable matter of high policy.

Courts cannot question the validity of Acts of Parliament once properly enacted.

Courts cannot invalidate Acts of Parliament regardless of international law breaches.

The House of Lords established the fundamental principle that judges must not have any financial interest in cases they decide, creating the rule against pecuniary bias.

House of Lords allows courts to consult Hansard for statutory interpretation

Court of Common Pleas established that natural justice requires a hearing before a person is deprived of their property or rights, even where not expressly required by statute.

Court of Appeal established the fundamental principle that justice must not only be done but must manifestly be seen to be done.

Ministers cannot use prerogative powers to frustrate Parliament's statutory scheme

EU law supremacy requires domestic courts to disapply conflicting national legislation.

House of Lords confirms EU law supremacy over UK Acts of Parliament

John MacCormick challenged the Queen's title as 'Elizabeth II' in Scotland, arguing Elizabeth I never reigned there. The Court of Session held that while courts cannot question the validity of Acts of Parliament, certain constitutional arrangements may be justiciable, though this particular claim failed.

Terms may be implied by law based on the nature of contractual relationships.

Home Secretary cannot abuse statutory powers to punish lawful licence purchases

Implied easements automatically pass when landowner sells part of property

The National Federation of Self-Employed sought judicial review of the Inland Revenue's decision to grant amnesty to casual workers in the Fleet Street printing industry. The House of Lords held the Federation lacked sufficient interest (standing) to challenge the Revenue's tax enforcement decisions. The court established that standing must be assessed in relation to the specific legal duty allegedly breached.

Minority members can sue when majority acts beyond constitutional powers ultra vires.

Defendants can challenge bye-law validity as defence in criminal proceedings.

Courts can review admin decisions despite ouster clauses if jurisdictional error found

Cannot take benefit of deed without accepting corresponding burdens - mutual benefit and burden

Restrictive covenants can bind future landowners in equity despite lack of privity