What is the ratio in Pharmaceutical Society v Boots?

The display of goods in a shop window or on shelves constitutes an invitation to treat, not an offer. Customers make offers when presenting goods for purchase.

What did the court decide in Pharmaceutical Society v Boots?

The Court of Appeal held that Boots' self-service system was lawful because contracts formed at the supervised cashier, not when customers selected items from shelves.

Why is Pharmaceutical Society v Boots important for contract law?

It establishes the fundamental distinction between offers and invitations to treat in retail contexts, providing the legal framework for all modern self-service shopping transactions.

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