Hill v Tupper established the fundamental principle that easements must accommodate and benefit the dominant tenement, not merely provide a personal or commercial advantage. The case demonstrates that rights which are purely personal or commercial in nature cannot constitute easements over land.

Court of Appeal case establishing that easements can be acquired by prescription based on long user 'as of right' even against a servient owner who could have stopped the use.

Pre-HRA courts cannot directly apply European Convention rights in judicial review.

Lloyds Bank v Rosset established the definitive test for determining when a person can claim a beneficial interest in property owned by another through constructive trust. The case clarified that such interests can only arise through direct contributions to purchase price or mortgage payments, or through express agreements coupled with detrimental reliance.

The Court of Appeal held that a purchaser in actual occupation under a specifically enforceable contract can have an overriding interest under s.70(1)(g) LRA 1925.

Established the requirement that lease terms must be certain in duration. A lease 'for the duration of the war' was held invalid for uncertainty, leaving only a weekly periodic tenancy determinable by notice.

Burns v Burns established that mere cohabitation and domestic contributions without financial contributions to property acquisition do not create beneficial interests under resulting or constructive trusts. The case highlighted the harsh consequences for unmarried partners who lack legal protection for property rights.

Supreme Court case qualifying the strict certainty requirement from Lace v Chantler. An agreement terminable only on specified grounds took effect at common law as a tenancy for life, which s.149(6) of the Law of Property Act 1925 converted into a 90-year determinable term.

Rhone v Stephens established that the burden of positive covenants cannot run with freehold land in English law. The House of Lords refused to overturn this long-standing principle, leaving reform to Parliament rather than judicial development.

Tulk v Moxhay established that restrictive covenants relating to land can bind successor owners in equity, even if they are not parties to the original covenant. This landmark case created the principle that equitable obligations can run with land where there is notice and the covenant is negative in nature.

Landowners liable for natural land movements causing neighbour damage if prevention reasonable.

A father gave his son a deed of gift for land, and the son spent money improving it in reliance on the gift. The court held the son acquired an equitable interest despite defects in the legal conveyance.

Established the three methods by which joint tenancy can be severed to create tenancy in common. The case remains the foundational authority on severance of joint tenancy in English land law.

Wheeldon v Burrows established the rule that when a landowner sells part of their land, certain easements that were previously used for the benefit of the sold land will automatically pass to the purchaser. This case created an important exception to the general rule that easements must be expressly granted.

Established that easements can exist for commercial purposes, specifically the right to hang an advertising sign on neighbouring property. This case broadened the scope of what constitutes an easement beyond purely domestic convenience.

Walsh v Lonsdale established that where there is an agreement to grant a lease that satisfies the requirements of equity, equity will treat the parties as if the lease had already been granted. This created the doctrine that 'equity looks on that as done which ought to be done' in landlord and tenant law.

The Court of Appeal established the fundamental principle that the burden of positive covenants cannot run with freehold land at law or in equity.

The Court of Appeal held that the burden of a restrictive covenant could not run to a third party who was not an original party to the covenant, establishing important limits on covenant enforcement.

The claimant mortgaged property with a 40-year postponement of the right to redeem. The court held that equity's doctrine against clogs on the equity of redemption does not invalidate all postponements of redemption; such terms are valid unless oppressive, unconscionable, or amount to a clog. A lengthy postponement is not automatically void if freely negotiated.

Trespass for burglary can occur within buildings you're otherwise permitted to enter.

This landmark property law case established that wives with beneficial interests in the matrimonial home can have overriding interests that bind banks, even when not registered as proprietors. The House of Lords ruled that actual occupation by a spouse can create rights that take priority over a bank's mortgage, fundamentally changing how lenders assess security.

Criminal damage can apply to your own property when others have legal interests.

Abbey National v Cann established that a charge or mortgage created simultaneously with the acquisition of property takes priority over any overriding interest that might arise at the same moment. The case clarified that there is no 'scintilla temporis' (moment in time) between acquiring property and creating a charge over it in a single transaction.

House of Lords rules tenancies can exist without proprietary rights

The House of Lords established that property rights must have specific characteristics to bind third parties, rejecting deserted wives' equity as a proprietary interest.

EU Treaty provisions can create directly enforceable individual rights in national courts

This Court of Appeal case established proprietary estoppel as a cause of action where assurance, reliance and detriment create an equity that courts will satisfy through appropriate remedies, including granting property rights.

Court of Appeal clarified the distinction between contractual licences and leases, and held that contractual licences cannot normally bind third parties as proprietary interests.

Court of Appeal establishes four essential characteristics test for easements

House of Lords rules theft can occur even with owner's consent

Adverse possession can succeed even when possessor knows they lack legal right.

Equity prevents enforcement of rights where party induced reliance on representations.

No nuisance claim for TV interference or without land ownership